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I asked Claude AI to write an abstract of my paper, “The American Revolution of Language,” which I delivered at the Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture Annual Meeting, June 2026. I think Claude did an OK job.

This paper argues that four keywords central to the founding of the United States—slavery, freedom, race, and equality—did not begin with fixed, modern meanings. Instead, in the early modern period they were fluid and often overlapping terms whose senses depended … Continue reading

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An Excerpt of My Review in the William and Mary Quarterly (April, 2026) of Steven Sarson’s The Course of Human Events, The Declaration of Independence and the Historical Origins of the United States

During Joe Biden’s short campaign for reelection to the U.S. presidency in 2024, he frequently said that “America is an idea.” His inability to communicate the meaning and significance of that idea is perhaps one of the reasons that his … Continue reading

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A review of my book, Democracy and Empire

CJ-Online, 2023.01.02 BOOK REVIEW Classical Journal Online Democracy and Empire: The Athenian Invasion of Sicily, 415413 BCE. By ALEXANDER 0. BOULTON. Lanham, MD: Hamilton Books, 2021. Pp. xiv+ 176. Hard­ back, $34.99. ISBN: 978-0-7618-7297-9. They say, “Don’t judge a book … Continue reading

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My “blurb” for the Panorama a blog of the Society for the History of the Early Republic, March 2024

THE LANGUAGE OF RACE IN EARLY AMERICA Alexander Boulton In 1782, Hector St. John de Crèvecœur in his book, Letters from an American Farmer, famously asked, “What, then is the American, this new man?” He answered his question by saying that … Continue reading

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Baltimore Sun papers letter to the editor, May 10, 2024

I was surprised and a little shocked by Sam Faddis’s description of what he described as an overturning of a “standard narrative” of political conflict in the United States. (Baltimore Sun, “The U.S. is Divided,” May 6, 2024.) Mr. Faddis … Continue reading

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“The Declaration of Independence and the Language of Slavery” my article in the Journal of the Early Republic, Spring 2024.

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To My Friends who are Thinking of Voting Republican

To my friends who are thinking of voting Republican,Hey, I get it. You don’t like Joe Biden. I have some qualms about him too. You are concerned about the price of gas. You think that we need a better policy … Continue reading

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My Book on the Peloponnesian War has just been published.

If you would like a free copy please email me at aoboulton@hotmail.com Democracy and Empire, The Athenian Invasion of Sicily, 415-413 BCE Alexander O. Boulton Introduction: Athens was at the height of its power when it decided to invade Sicily … Continue reading

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My Youtube channel “Sandy’s History”

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My Op-Eds in the Sun Papers

“No Trump Fingerprints Doesn’t Mean No Crime,” Baltimore Sun, 3/30/2019 The old joke that absence of evidence is proof that the conspiracy is working is no longer a joke, and no longer old. Attorney General William Barr’s summary of the … Continue reading

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